Gear shifting mechanism



Dec. 16, 1947- B. B. BACHMAN ET AL GEAR SHIFTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 31, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 mI NHWmmi l. i

liwerzwr m 8.5mm": Canasta-Foss Fri Inventor BEmAnm Bbncnnm CHARLES 5 F066 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ww fllioruqa B. B. BACHMAN ET AL GEAR SHIF'I'ING MECHANISI Filed Aug. 31, 1943 illllal Dec. 16, 1947.

Dec. 16, I947. B. B. BACHMAN El AL GEAR SHIFTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 51, 194:5 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 BENJAMIN B-BACHMAN CHARLES E-Foes Dec. 16, 1947. B. a. BACHMAN El AL 2,432,712

GEAR SHIFTING MECHANISM Filed Aug. :51, 1943 e Sheets-Shet 4 l \0 log Mentor BINJAMIN & BACHMAN CHmzuas E F066 Dec. 16, 1947. B. B. BACHMAN ET AL 2,432,712

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JjZIJrZIZLO BENJAMIN BBAcHMAN C-HHELES E- Foes fliiornegx Dec. 16, 1947. B4B. BACHMAN ET AL 2,432,712

GEAR SHIFTING MECHAflISM Filed Aug. 31, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 BENdhMm B BA H M \F' c, mamas 5 F066 Patented Dec. 16, 1947 omen 2,432,712 r cm snlr'r'nvc. MECHANISM Beni'amin 8. Batman, Philadelphia. and Charles It. Fogg, Ardmore, Pa.. assignors to Th e Autocar Company, Ardmore, Pa., a corporation of Pennwlvania ,7

Application August 31, 1943. Serial No. 500,628

as Claims.

This invention relates generally to a motor vehicle transmission control system and more particularly to a mechanism for controlling the selection and establishing the various gear relations of the transmission, it being among-the principal objects of the present invention to provide a system wherein the several mechanisms employed for selecting the desired gear relation to be established and for actually eflecting the establishment of such pre-selected gear relation are operated entirely by fluid pressure.

In its broadest aspect, the present invention contemplates the provision and use of fluid pressure means so operatively associated that upon selection of a desired gear relation to be'established through the medium or a non-compressible fluid, such as oil, and the actuation of one or the other of a pair of control valves, also through the medium of a non-compressible fluid, a fluid pressure motor becomes immediately operative to shift the gears of the transmission into the preselected gear relation. scribed. the apparatus of the present invention includes several fluid pressure systems which while independent of each other are, nevertheless, so interrelated in operation that a single control member conveniently situated in the vicinity of the steering wheel is all that is required for selection and shifting of the gears as desired. These several fluid pressure systems respectively actuate (1) a lateral shift control mechanism for selectively moving the transmission shift-lever into operative engagement with any one of the transmissionshift rods; (2) a-longitudinal shift control mechanism for selectively actuating either one of a pair of valves controlling the delivery of a fluid pressure medium, such asoil, to one side or the other of a power cylinder: and (3) a power cylinder for selectively moving the I selected shift rod in one direction or the other to establish the desired gear relation.

This power cylinder for shifting the gears into operative meshed relatio is actuated by fluid pressure delivered fromasuitable source of supply, the flow of the fluid pressure medium from ably, the control valve arrangement is such that when the valves are spring-pressed into their irnormaleclosed positions, both ends of the power cylinder are in free communication with and so permitvthe free dischargeofithe pressure fluid into a sump, which may be the crank-case of v55 Generally dethe vehicle engine. Thus, while the valves are in their normal closed position. there is no 'actuating pressure of the fluid on either endorthe power cylinder andthe latter is therefore free to assume an intermediate or neutral position consistent with the positions assumed by the longitudinal and lateral control mechanisms when the control member is moved into neutral position.

In order to actuate thep'ower cylinder and cause it to shift in one direction or the other,

fluid pressure means, entirely independent of the power cylinder, is provided for selectively actuating the control valves to thereby permit-thepassage to the power cylinder of the fluid pressure medium for actuating the cylinder. The fluid pressure means for so actuating the cylinder control valves consists of a pairof conduits 1 through each of which a non-compressible fluid,

each other, but also ofthe high pressurev fluid system for the power cylinder.

The lateral shift control mechanism, by means of which pre-selection of the desired gear relation is obtained, is also actuated by a non-compressiblevfluidsuch as-oil, this fluid being confined in a self-contained, closed system which also is independent of the fluid pressure systems for governing the operation of the power cylinder control valves and for actuatingthe power cylinder. This lateral shift control mechanism includes a pair of plungers operative upon either side of the pivoted shift lever so that movement of these plungers in one direction or the other causes the shift lever to rock about its axis to select any one of a number of gear shifting rods or rails, these plungers of the shift control mechanism being fluid-pressure actuated through the medium of a pair of independent fluid pressure columns which respectively extend between the pair of single-action plungers immediately associated with the gear shift leverand the double- :acting-plunger immediately associated with the control member. i

or neutral position, both of the lateraland longitudinal shift control mechanisms are in centered or neutralized position, the control valves for the power cylinder being then both closed to immobilize the latter while gear transmission is in neutral position.

However, when the operating handle is raised vertically, the double-action plunger of the control mechanism is operated in a direction as to cause the shift lever to rock about its axis to such degree as to selectively engage a predetermined shifting rod, while when the handle is depressed, the double-action plunger operates in the reverse direction to cause the shift lever to reversely rock about its axis to such degree as to selectively engage another of the gear shifting rods. On the other hand, when the operating handle is shifted laterally in one direction or the other, other fluid energizing plungers of the control mechanism are selectively actuated to open one or the otherof the valves'controliing the supply of fluid pressure to the power cylinder, and depending upon which of these valves is opened, the power cylinder is moved in one direction or the other to shift the selected gear shifting rod or rail. Thus, by proper coordination in, movement of the operating lever vertically and laterally, which is easily accomplished, the gear shifting rods may be selectively engaged and shifted to readily effect the particular gear relation desired.

From the foregoing general description, it will be appreciated that it is an important object and advantage of the present invention to provide an hydraulically-operated system for pro-selecting and shifting the gears into the desired gear relation, the operation of which is effected expeditiously and with minimum effort by a remotely located single actuating member having a capacity for movement in intersecting planes very much on the order of the conventional gear shift lever to operate the change-speed transmission.

A further important object of the invention is to provide a system of inter-related fluid transmitting conduits which are severally self-contained and so related in operation that while certain of them function under direct manual control to impart, by means of non-compressible fluid columns, the necessary energy for actuating the gear selecting mechanism and the valves controlling the power cylinder fluid circuit, the latter necessitating any special changes in design or operation of the latter, and which may be independent in operation of the vehicle clutch mechanism.

' Still another'object is to provide a system which is adapted for operating the shifter rods of a conventional transmission mechanism having a plural number of' forward speeds and one reverse, the system of the present' invention being readily adapted for use even in a transmission having as many as five speeds forward.

A still further object is to provide an hydrauli- .cally-operatedsystem of the character aforesaid which is designed, in the event of failure of automatic operation of the power cylinder to effect the final gear shifting operation, for manual shifting of the gears through the medium of the non-compressible fluid contained in the conduits controlling the operation of the longitudinal shift control mechanism, the fluid columns in such case serving to transmit the movement'of the remote control lever directly to the gear shifting rod to thereby effect manual shifting of the gears,

A still further object of the present invention is to provide in an hydraulically-operated system for selecting and shifting gears, means enabling the operator to feel" the selection of the proper gear relationshipdesired, thereby insuring against unintentionally shifting into the wrong speed.

Other objects of the present invention, as well as advantages and economies effected by the design and operation of the several mechanisms thereof, will be apparent more fully hereinafter, it being understood that the present invention consists substantially in the combination, construction, location and relative arrangement of parts, all as will be described more fully hereinafter, as are shown in the accompanying drawings, and as are pointed out in the accompanying claims.

In the said accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the general principles of the present invention, there being no intention to limit the invention to the exact constructions illustrated,

Figure 1 is a general diagrammatic or schematic view of a system constructed in accordance with and embodying the principles of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a shift diagram illustrating the various positions assumed b the manual control lever for obtainingthe different gear relations desired:

Figures 3 to 12 are views showing the constructional details of one form of apparatus constructed in accordance with and embodying the principles of the present invention whereof Figure 3 is a plan view of that part of the apparatus which is immediately associated with the gear transmission mechanism;

Figure 4 is an end elevational view of the mechanism shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a side elevational view shown partially in section as taken along the lines 55 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view taken along the lines 6-6 of Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along the lines 1-! of Figure 4;

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view taken along the lines 8'8 of Figure 3;

Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the control mechanism mounted upon the steering wheel column;

Figure 10 is a transverse sectional view taken along the lines l0lll of Figure 9; Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view taken along the lines lI--ll of Figure 10; and

,for selectively actuating the plungers 2| 22 and nmire s'aw'iewr shown partly in section as for shifts into nrst, second sna -reverse speeds, the t k n al nzthe lines Ila-"l2 of Figure operating leveris moved downwardly in a given F iguresIIiLtQ' -IB, inclusive, are views showing the plane-and thenc laterally toone side or the other constructional details of a modified form of apo1 saidplane, the extent otdownw'ard movement" paratus constructed in accordance with and embodyingthe principles of the present invention on "which of said speeds it is desired to establish,-

whereof I Figure 13 is a top plan view or thatpart ot- Overdrive) speeds the lever is moved upwardly in the mechanism fwhich is immediately associated said p ane'a d he ce ate ly the e nthe'exwith the gear transmission;

l0?:tent of theupward movement anddirectio'n of Eigure-"I l iis a v'er'tical' sectiiinal view taken lateral m W g a n d p deflt upon eionet ie linesllil or Figure r h h Eigur iS is a transverse sectonal view taken ,establl'shedF along thelineslflflifctifigure 13; t 7 p I H a-1 1 -fi sebflonal e the 5;essentially-of apair'oi' axially alinedyreversely proximate ends oi which respectively engage onsteering wheel column:

The lateral shirt control mechanism l0 consists contm1-mchamsmhwn mpunted o the operable-single-action plungers and 25, the

Figure 1': is a horizontalflsectional Vie gm Dosite sides or the gear shiftlever ll, while the M sub-mum the he of Fi ure 16; longitudin'al shift control mechanism i6 essen'-" d I y o s g i 20 'tially consists of adouble-action plunger Hand figure 18 is a 'h i w taken b 't a pair or single-action plunger elements 28 and 29 tially on the lines I8 4; of Figur s; and respectivelyassociated with and designed for ac; Figure 19 is an enlarged'seotional view showing mating h valves and, which controlthe 1 detail modified construction of one of the 62mm! fi' and associated Dari-s for control; 5 latter cylinder is in turn so operatively associated ling the flow ofpressure fluid to and from the with double'action' plunger 27 of the longl power cylinder.

Referring now to th drawings and more partlculafly to figure 1 thereof which diagrammaii- 30 sults in corresponding simultaneous movement cally illustrates the system of the pressure invenof th hm er arid, the tr Sb 1 tion and in which the several elements thereof vet g ansmlsslon ,1 are shown more or less diagrammatically, it will i i be observed the system comprises generally the gpbserwdi .fi ggi lateral shift control mechanism ID for selective- Mp f ir; g t i n y W e p unger elely moving the transmission shift lever H, into men 5 an 0 mm pair of closed fluid Operative engagement with any one of the pressure chambers-30 and 3|,and also that suitp able passages 32 and 33 for the power cylinder mlsswn Shift rod Yokes H and the pressur medium ar orovided e t ri l i th longitudinal shift control mechanism '6 for selece I x e or y 0 ese tively actuating either one of pair of'valves l1 chambers these latter passages being those n5 40' trolled by the valves I! and I8. and I8 controlling, the delivery of the fluid prest i suremedium, suchas oil, to either side of the All of the plunge? members hereinbefm longitudinal shift control mechanism l6, and it will be understoodthat such showing is only diagrammatic and that in actual practice, the apparatus of the present invention is so constructed that the longitudinal axis of the lateral shift con-. the plessure exerting ends of the trol mechanism extends at right angles to that u chambe shown in Figural, as more clearly appears in other figures of the drawings. In other words, the plane of movement of the transmission shift lever H for pressure exemng ends of the sing1e actin selection of the desired gear relation is normal plungers 22 and 23 of the operating control mechto the plane of movement thereof for actual shiftanism by way of the conduits 42 and ing of the gears.

, r The chambers 44 and 45 at the opposite ends T operatmg Q which 15 of the main power cylinder [9 are respectively deslgned as a a adapted to be'mounted connected to the outer ends of the aforesaid upon the steering wheel column, generally in-. cludes a, double-action plunger 2!, a, pair of sindun-S 45 and 1 while the inn gleaction plungers 22 and 23-, and manually- 5 operated universally-mounted operating lever 24 conduits a er; nds of these pas- 23 in accordance with the shift diagram of Figure 2. Preferably, the lever 24' is so mountedthat pressure directly from h it y be Shifted through-neutral lnmther'of two hicle. The outer ends of' the valve-controlledsubstantially perpendicular planes of movement passages 32 and 33 d accordingly the conduits 80 that by Properly coordinating the movement 01 48 and 41 are normally in direct communication the lever in its two planes ofm vem nt a by means of the conduits Stand 54 with any suitsired'gear r a i n m y be D -Selected, as is inable sump open to atmospheric pressure. such as dlcated in the shirt diagram of-Flgure 2. Thus. thecratikcase II of the engine, in consequence of valve-controlled passages 32 and 33 'by the conwhich the desired to shift operating lever 24 opposite ends of the power cylinder are normally relieved of any actuating fiuid In order to insure maintenance of a constant volume of the pressure fluid in the several pressure systems for actuating the lateral and longitudinal shift control mechanism. an oilsupply tank "is preferably empioyedfrom which oil may be supplied by gravity or otherwise to replenishany that may be dissipated in the normally closed systems. the oil being delivered thereto by way of a plurality of the individual conduits if each having a check-valve ll included therein to prevent back flow of the oil into the supply tank.

in the operation of the system as diagrammath cally shown .in Figure l. the first step. of course. would be to prcselcct the gear relation desired to be established. following which the actual gear shift would be. effected. Both of these steps are carried out by movement of the lever N in its two planes of movcment. Thus. assuming that it is into either first or second speed. the lever 24 is depressed to cause the double-action plunger ii to move from its neutral position. as shown in Figure 1. toward the left. thereby causing the fluid column in conduit 81 to move sufficiently the plunger 28 and consequently sion shift lever ii. The downward movement of the operating lever N is only such as is necessary to effect engagement of the shift lever ii with the yoke i3 secured to the shift rod for the first and second speed gears. were it desired to shift into reverse. then the operating lever would be depressed to still further extent (see the shift diagram of Figure 2) to thercbycause correspondingiy greater traverse of the fluid column through the conduit :1 with the result that the plunger 1' would shift the gear shift lever ii into engagement with the reverse gear shift rod yoke II.

On the other hand. should it be desired to shift into either third or fourth speed. then the operating lever It would be so raised asto shift the double-action plungcr ii to the right and cause traverse of the fluid column through the conduit 80 to an extent sufflcicnt to actuate the plunger 28 and effect engagement of the gear shift lever ii with the yoke is secured to the shift rod for the third and fourth speed gears. By raising the still further. the fluid column in conduit 85 is given a greater traverse and so effects a correspondingly greater movement of the plungcr is to thereby cause the gear shift lever to engage the flfth speed or overdrive shift rod yoke It.

Having so pro-selected the gear relation desired to be established. the operating lever is moved laterally to one side or the other of its first plane of movement to effect the actual gear shift as follows. Assuming that first speed has been preselected. the operating lever It will have been depressed into the position designated c in the gear shift diagram of Figure 2. and in this position of the opcrating lever the gear shift lever ii will be in engagement with the clevis if of the flrst and second speed shift rod. Thereafter. the operating lever is moved laterally into the position indicated by i in the shift diagram of Figure 2. the result of such movement of the operating lever being to simultaneously shift the singleaetion plunger 12 to single-action plunger if to the right. The fluid column in conduit 42 thus exerts a positive pressure on the plunger elcmcnt It to open the valve i1, at the same time that the traverse of the the left and the companion 7e thevalves I1 and II being fluid column in conduit It is in to exert no actuating pressure cncbdirectionl! on titanium element al. the valve it thus remainingcioaed as own. Immediately upon opening of the valve H. the

high pressure fluid from the pressure tank If is delivered by way of the conduits I]. Cl and l to the pressure chamber 44 of the power cylinder ii and so causes the piston thereof to move to the right. the opposite end-pressure chamber l of the power cylinder being in free commun cation withthe sump II by way of the conduit: 4! and II. Inasmuch as coupled to the transmission gear shift lever ii. its movement to the right imparts a corresponding movement to the gear shift lever and so causes the gear shift rod to shift into first speed position. this shifting into gear being effected by the power cylinder automatically upon the opening of the valve II.

In order to shift into second. all that would be necessary. assuming the operating lever to be in first speed position. is for thelover to be shifted in the opposite direction to assume the position indicated by 2 in Figure 2, in which event the single-action plungers If and :8 are so reversely actuated that the fluid column in conduit 4! exerts a positive pressure on thephmger'eiement fl to open the valve it. the other 'vaive tl remaining closed. In this condition of the apparatus. the high pressure fluid from the storage tank ii is delivered to the pressure chamber ll of the power cylinder it to thereby move the power cylindcr piston rod to shift into Should it be desired to shift into reverse speed.

the second speed position.

the operating lever would first be moved into the position d (see the shift diagram of Figure 2) r for selection of reverse speed as hcreinbefore described. following which it would be moved laterally in the same direction as for shifting into second speed. with the result that the power cylinder piston. in moving to the left. would carry with it the gear shift lever ii and the reverse speed shift rod connected to the latter.

The same procedures would be followed. of course. for shifting into the other speeds. the third and fourth speeds being obtained by first shifting the operating lever into the position indicated by a in the shift diagram of Figure 2. to thereby select the proper shift rod for these speeds and then moving the lcver.into one or the other of the positions 3 and l to open'one or the other of the valves i1 and il (valve ii for the third speed posltion'and valve ll for the fourth speed position thereby permitting delivery of the high pressure fluid into the proper end of the power.

-ally in the same direction as for shifting into third speed. with the result that asthe valve I1 is opened. the power cylinder piston moves to the.

left and carricswith it the gear shift lever ii and the overdrive shift rod connected to the latter.

As has been indicated. when the several partsof the apparatus are relatively arranged as shown in Figure 1, the system is in its neutral position. then both closed the power cylinder piston is to the left and so cause the gear shift were against the delivery of high pressure fluid to of the Power cylinder and'sald being" both in direct 'cominunicationwitlr then-1H sump Normally the'valves' are maintained in their closed positions by the springs "hand 'll which are respectivelybiased in opposition to the forces exerted by the fluid columns 'the conl duits "42 and 43. a n

Of course, to reestablish neutral condition of the systempit is only necessary tojreversegthe procedure hereinbefore described through operation'of the controllever 24, itb'eing noted in this connectlonthat as this lever is shifted into the neutral position, the single-action plungers 22 and 23 operate-in reversedirections to equalizethe forces exerted byithe fluid columns in the conduits 42and 43 upon the opposite ends of the plunger member 21 of the longitudinal shift j control mechanism, at the same time that the double-action plunger 2| operates to equalize the forces exerted by the fluid columns intheconduits 36 and 31 upon the outer ends of the plunger members 25- -26 of the lateral shift control mechanism. In consequence of this, when" the control lever 24 is operated to actuate the power cylinder unit for return of a particular gear shift rod from its "gear establishing position into neutral position, theylongitudinal shift control plunger member 21 is free to shift into such neutral position together with the power cylinder piston and the gear shift lever ll coupled thereto, while the lateral shift control plunger members act on said gear shift lever to shift it'laterally out of engagement with the gear shift rod and into neutral position. I

At this point it may be noted that the longitudinal shift control plunger member 21 is brought into centered or neutral position by the piston element of the power cylinder l9, due to the fact that the power cylinder piston and the plunger member 27 are mechanically coupled together for synchronous operation. By so mechanically coupling together the power cylinder pistonand the plunger member '21, it becomes possible to utilifie the fluid columns in the conduits 42 and 43 for manually shifting the gears in the event that the supply of high pressure fluid to the power cylinder is interrupted for any reason. These fluid columns, in such event, act as power thrust media for directly energizing the plunger member 21 t'ocause it to move in one direction or the other depending upon which of the single-action plungers 22-23 is positively actuated, the movement of the plunger member resulting in shifting of that one of the gear shift rods which is engaged by the gear shift lever l I.

Also, it is important to note at this point'that an important and advantageous feature ofthe present invention is to provide forsuch operationof, the power cylinder unit IS in longitudinally shifting the gear shift rods into'and out of an established gearrelation that the movement of the power cylinder piston is at all times substantially in correspondence with-the movement of the operating control lever 24 forwardly and rearwardly of its neutral position. In other words, the apparatus of the present invention is so designed that as the lever 24 is shifted to the front or to the rear (see the shift diagram of Figure 2), the power cylinder piston correspondingly shifts to the right or to the left to :1

power-shift the pre-selected gear shift rod into or'out of anestablished gear relation. To this end, the biasing springs 59 and 60, which normally act upon the valves ll and II to maincentered positions.

10 taln them closed, are respectively so balanced in relation to the forcespexerted by the j fluid columns in the conduits and 43actingagalnst j the yalve actuating plunger elements 23 and 20 n that immediately as the actuating snort of these fluid columnforces is expended, thevvalves close" 7 under the influence of their biasing sprin s interrupt'the furthersupply' of the fluid pressure medium to the powerjcylinder.

initial pressure on the plunger element ,28f'to open the valve l'l agalnstft'he restraining in fluence of itsspring, 53. As the immediate re sult of such opening of thejvalve' l '|,high pressure fluid from the reservoir 5| delivered through the conduits 50,48 and 46 to the pressure chamber 44 of the power cylinder unit 13. and causes its piston to shift tothe right, thereby moving with it not only the gear shift lever H,

but also the longitudinal shift control plunger 21. The concomitant result of so shifting the plunger to lncrease the size of, the fluid "pressure chamber 30 in the longitudinalshift control unit l6.,, It willbe apparent that by proper design and proportioning of the plunger 21 in relation to its associated parts, the volumetric capacity of the chamber 30 increases in such ratio to the movement of the control lever 24 that when the latter reaches its outer limit,

the chamber 30 is of such capacity that the fluid column in conduitv42 no longer. exerts an actuating pressure upon the valve l1, whereupon the latter is free to be returned to its closed position under the influence of the spring 59. In

this condition of the apparatus, the piston of the power cylinder unit will be in gear estabr lishing position, although the supply of high pressure fluid thereto will have been interrupted by the valve l1.

Obviously, when it is desired to' return the power cylinder piston to its centered or neutral position, the control lever 24is returned from its outermost forward position tothe neutral full line position shown in Figure 1, in which event" the'fiuid column in conduit 43 becomes operative to open the valve l8 tothereby permit the flow of high pressure fluid tothe chamber 45- of the power cylinder l9, causing the piston unittheres of together with the plunger 21 of the longitudinal shift control unit l6 to return to their reached by the power cylinder piston unit (simultaneously as the 'controlwlever 24 assumes its neutral position), the chamber 3| of the longitudinal shift control unit will have sufliclently increased in'size to relieve the plunger element Q 29 of the valve l8of actuating force exerted by, the, fluid column of conduit", whereupon the valve l8 will close under the influence of its spring 60 to interrupt the supply of operating fluid to the power cylinder. 4

Of'course, the operation of the valves I1 and I8 for controlling the movement of the power cylinder piston issimilarly effected upon movement n Thus, as the controli'lever fl is moved; for 'example,irom its neutral positionforwardly toward the front dotted line position shown in Fig-' ure 1 the fluid column in (conduit 42 exerts an When this latter position is mam reservoir If. is in substantial correspondence with and controlled by the movement of the control lever ll. it will be noted. also. that the operation is such that the supply of'jthe high pressure operating fluid to the power cylinder is interrupted by the valves if and I. automatically as the power cylinder piston assumes its neutral or any one of its gear establishing positions, all of which positions are established by the manual shifting of the control lever 20.

It will beunderstood. of course. that the foreouter end portions of the cylindrical bores Ii and going is buta general description of the apparatus of the present invention and its operation. and that various arrangements and refinements of the component parts of the system may be employed without departing from the essential principles of this invention. Figures 8 to12, inclusive, show one form of a practical embodiment of the several mechanisms of the present invention, while Figures 18 to 18, inclusive, illustrate another'form of practical embodiment of the invention.

Referring first to the apparatus shown in Figures 3 to 12 and more particularly to Figures 8 to 'l, inclusive. which are specific to that part of the apparatus which is directly associated with the gear transmission. it will be observed that the lateral shift control mechanism ii. the longitudinal shift control mechanism II and the power cylinder it, including all operating parts immediately associated therewith, are suitably housed within or mounted on a main casing or frame 8i which is adapted to be suitably secured in position just above the gear transmission-shift rods 8!. 6!. l4 and I (see Figure 8). As indicated,

these shift rods respectively effect engagement oi the transmission in reverse speed. first and second speeds. third and fourth speeds. and fifth speeds. and they are respectively fitted with yokes II, II. it and it for selective engagement by the gear shift lever ii.

The lateral shift control mechanism The lateral shift control mechanism II. as most clearly appears in Figure 8, includes a pair of axially alined plunger elements ll and it re- 12 are a pair of spring-pressed spherical valve elements I1 and II which are normally respectively pressed against the valve seats II and it by the compression springs II and ii. In addition to these valve seats II and II. there is provided .a secondpair of valve seats 11 and II, each of speetlvely iltted within the cylindrical bores 62* and N of the bosses M and N formed as,

integral parts of the main housing Ii. The outer ends of the plunger elements II and 2'' are each fitted with the usual form ofcup packing to provide the fluid-tight pressure chamber-s84 and II which respectively are in communication with the fluid pressure conduits 8i and 81. Coiled compression springs II and i. tend normally to urge the plunger elements II and 20 axially toward each other and so maintain the inner ends thereof in constant engagement with opposite sides of the interposed gear shift lever ii. Each of the plunger elements is provided with an elon gated depression ll in the surface thereof into which projects a spring-pressed detent t8. the function of which will become apparent hereinafter. Also. the plunger elements II and 23 are each splined. as at 10. within their guide bores so that while they are free to move axiallythey are restrained against rotation abouttheir axes.

The longitudinal shift control mechanism The longitudinal shift control mechanism it. as most clearly appears in Figure 'l. essentially comprises a central double-action plunger member 21. the opposite ends of which are slidably fitted within the axially spaced cylindrical bores Ii and I! of the bosses I3 and Il also formed as which is disposed on the outer side of and in normally spaced relation with respect to the valve elements i1 and ii.

As most clearly appears in Figures 3, 5 and 8, the pressure chambers I0 and ii of the longitudinnl shift control mechanism are respectively in communication with the conduits 42 and ll by way of the ports I! and 80. Ports are also provided between each valve element and its actuating plunger element, as at If and 02. for respective communication with the conduits ll and ll. while the outer ends of the valve passages are directly connected to the conduits I3 and N. In addition. ports I! and ll, respectively located intermediate each pair of valve seats embracing one of the valve elements. are provided for direct communication with the conduits N and 41.

Operatively associated with the longitudinal shift control mechanism and in fact constituting a part thereof is the gear shift lever II. This lever is generally of hell crank form. as most clearly appears in Figure 8. and is secured. as at 85. to the central plunger member 21' for oscillation therewith about the axis of said member. The bell-crank lever is provided with a depending arm 06 disposed between the proximate ends of the single-action plungers II and 16' of the lateral control shift mechanism and with an upwardly inclined arm l'i terminating in an arcuately shaped end member It. the external curvature of which corresponds with the are of a circle having as its center the axis of the plunger member 21'. The function of this arcuate member II will be apparent hereinafter.

The depending arm ll of the bell-crank lever arm is provided at a suitable point intermediate its length with a cylindrical bar I! extending transversely and to either; side of the plane of oscillation of the. lever. It will be noted that the bar 0! is of such length and is so disposed with its longitudinal axis substantially in the horizontalplane of the axis of movement of the lateral shift plungers I! and It rates the bellcrank lever shifts in either direction relatively to said axis of movement. the said plungers 25' and 26' remain in engagement with the bar to effect oscillation of the gear shift lever ii' in one dire'ction or the other.

The power cylinder unit pumped under wardly and rearwardly member I02 fitted the cylinders I04 and I05 aesa'na ing or support I and so provide a pair of fluid pressure chambers 44' and 4B which respectively are in communication with the-conduits 40 and 41. The yoke 04 on the piston rod 03 so engages the'arcuate end member 80 of the bell-crank gear shift lever II that as the piston unit of the power cylinder I9, moves in one direction or" the other, it eflects a corresponding movement of the gear shift lever and consequently of the particular gear shift rod with which the lever may be engaged. At the same time. however, the engagement between the shift lever and the power cylinder piston unit is such that the lever may be oscillated about the-axis of the member2'l' as a center without disturbing thecoupiing between the lever and piston rod, in consequence of which when the lever is shifted into'operative engagement with any sov engaged may then be axially shifted to establish the desired gear relation. t

Suitably mounted upon the main housing 0| is the oil storage reservoir iii into which oil is pressure by way of the conduit 91 and from which it is delivered to the power cylinder by way of the conduits 40 and 49 leading .to opposite ends of the power cylinder. The reservoir is equipped with a suitable check-valve 98 to insure unidirectional flow of the pressure fluid from the pump, into the reservoir and thence through one or the other ,of the conduits 48 and 49.

The remote operating control mechanism This mechanism for actuating and controlling the operation of the gear selecting and shifting i mechanisms herelnbefore" described is shown in Figures 9 to 12, inclusive, the control mechanism being designed and constructed in the form of a compact unit which is adapted to be clamped, as at 09, upon the-steering wheel column I00 immediately below the steering wheel so as to render the operating lever 24 readily accessible and convenient to the operator.

This operating lever 24' is preferably mounted for movements in a substantially vertical plane and in a horizontal plane, the direction of moveone of the gear shift rods, the rod r 22' and 23' course. energized by actuation -of the several plunger members and such actuation is eflected by means of suitable arms which project radially from the spherical member I02 and respectively engage the several plunger members. ,Thus, as most clearly appears in Figure 11, thespherical member I02 is provided with a depending arm I01, the free end of which fits within a recess I08 formed in the plunger 2i to provide such rocking connection between the plunger and its positions C and D, the plunger 2| is shifted longitudinally of its axis in proper direction to energize one or theother of the fluid columns in the conduits l6 and I1.

The spherical member I02 is further fitted with a transversely extending member I00 providing a pair of oppositely projecting arms H0 and -I II which respectively engage the plunger members 7 for selective actuation of the latter accordingly as the operating lever 24' in its horizontal plane of movement. apparent that when the operating lever into thedotted line. position)?! in Figure 10, the plunger 22'm fluid column in that the plunger 21' moves in reverse direction to deenergize the fluid column in the conduit 43. Exactly the reverse conditions obtain when the operating lever is shifted into the dotted line position F ofFigure 10. l

As is shown most clearly in Figures 10 and 11, a spring-pressed detent 1 i2 is provided for normally retaining the operating lever in its neutral coaction with the detent 2 tends to hold theoperating lever in its vertical plane of movement as it is raised or lowered out of its neutral poment in the latter plane being generally foralong the line, of travel ofthe vehicle. Toprovide for such movements, the inner end of the operating lever is secured, as at IN, to a vertically extending rod formed as part of a universally mounted spherically-shaped within a stationary socket I03. This socket may be formed in any suitable manner as part of the casing or supporting structure for the operating unit, which structure also includes a'pair of laterally spaced cylinders I04 and I05 disposed with their longitudinal axes paralleling each other and lying substantially in the horizontal plane of the center of the spherical member i02. In addition, the operating control unit includes a third cylinder I06 disposed below and with its longitudinal axis lying substantiallyin the vertical plane of the center of the spherical member I02.

Fitted in the cylinder I 06 is the double-action plunger member 2i", while fitted within the cylinders I04 and I05 are the single-action plunger members 22' and 23., There are thus provided a plurality of fluid pressure chambers 38, 39',

I 40' and 4|, which respectively communicate with the direction of shift of theoperating lever. The

fluid columns in the several conduits are, of

clutch (not shown) is sition, it nevertheless permits shifting of the lever laterally, of said plane of movement into one or the other of the dotted line positions shown in Figure 10. In either of these latter positions of the operating lever, the springpressed detent II: will have been cammed'out oi. the groove 3 by the inclined side wall thereof and will be in direct engagement with the spherical member I02.

Operation of the apparatus In the operation of the apparatus hereinbefore described, it will be understood that the vehicle disengaged prior to the selection and shifting into the desired gear speed, following which it is engaged in accordance with conventional practice, it being further understood that selection of any desired gear relation may be effected from either neutral or any .gear

relation theretofore established. Assuming that the apparatus is in neutral gear, as represented bythe full line positions of the several parts of the apparatus shown in Figures 2 to 12, inclusive,

, shoulditbe desired to shift into first speed, the

operating lever 24 is depressed from the neutral or N position shownin Figure 11 into the dotted line positionC. This causes the plunger 2| immediately associated with the operating lever to shift to the left (Figure 11) and so energizes the fluid column in conduit 31 to an extent sufllcient shift the lateral control plunger 20' (Figure 8) for effecting engagement of the gear shift lever II with the yoke i8 of the gear shift rod 68. Having so preselected the shift rod' 68 for actuation thereof. the operating lever 28 is then shifted laterally into the dotted line position E to thereby actuate the control plunger 22' (Figure 10). Upon movement of this plunger to the left. the fluid column in conduit 88 is energized to actuate the plunger element 28' controlling the valve l1 (see Figure 'l) to thereby open the latter to the passage of high pressure fluid from the storage reservoir M to the cylinder head 84' of the power cylinder i8 by way of the conduits 80. 88 and 88. The opposite cylinder head 88' of the power cylinder. being infree communication with the sump or crank case through the conduits 81 and 58. the piston I unit moves to the right and so imparts corre-' sponding movement to the gear shift lever ii. The gear shift lever. being in engagement with the gear shift rod 88. thus shifts the latter to the extent necessary to establish the desired flrst speed gear relation. I

To thereafter shift into second gear. it is merely necessary to move the operating lever 28' from its dotted line position E into the dotted line position F of Figure 10,-thercby actuating the plunger 28' and so activating the fluid column in the conduit 88 to open the valve i8. the valve ll' being then the one that remains closed. In this condition of the control valves, the power cylinder is shifted to the left and so causes the gear shift rod 88 to also moveto the left to thereby establish the second sp d gear relation. It will be noted that-for both first and second speeds. the operating handle remains in the horizontal plane of the depressed position C of Figure 11.

For a shift into third gear. the operating lever 24' is raised from the neutral or N position into the dotted line position A. to thereby cause the control plunger 2i to shift to the right (Figure ll). This activates the fluid column in the conduit 88 to an extent ufficient to correspondingly shift the lateral control plunger 28 (Figure 8) to theieft for the distance necessary to effect engagement of the gear shift lever H with the yoke it of the gear shift rod 88. Having so preselected the shift rod N, the operating lever 14' is then shifted laterally into the dotted line position E to thereby actuate the control plunger 22' (Figure 10). Upon movement of this plunger to the left. the fluid. column in conduit 88 is energized to actuate the plunger element 28' controlling the valve ll (Figure 7) to thereby open the latter to the passage of high pressure fluid to the left hand head 88' of the power cylinder. The latter then shifts to the right and. so imparts corresponding movement to the shift lever II' and the preselected rod 88 connected thereto. thereby establishing the desired third speed gear relation.

To thereafter shift into fourth speed. it is merely necessary to move the operating lever 28' from its dotted line position E into the dotted .line position E of Figure 10, thereby actuating the plunger 18' to move the fluid column in conduit 88 sufficiently to open the valve i8. the valvel1 remaining closed. In this condition of the valves. the power cylinder. and accordingly the gear shift rod 8i. is moved to the left to establish the desired fourth speed gear relation. 'It will be noted erating handle 18' remains in the horizontal plane of the raised position A of Figure 11. v

For a shift into fifth speed or overdrive. the operating lever 28' is shifted to its extreme upp gsssms most position (position B in Figure 11) to thereby so move the plunger If that the fluid column in conduit 88 shifts the lateral controlpiunger 25' to' an extent sufficient to effect engagement of the shift lever ll" with the yoke ii 'of the fifth speed shift rod 88. Thereupon. the operating handle is shifted laterally into the'dotted line position E of Figure 10. to open the valve H as hereinbefore described and so cause actuation of the power cylinder to the right (Figure 6) thereby shifting the rod 88 in the required direction to establish the flfth speed gear relation.

Similarly, for shifting into reverse speed. the operating lever 28' is first depressed to its extreme lowermost position D (Figure 11) to thereby so move the plunger 2 i that the fluid column in conduit 81 shifts the lateral control plunger 28' to an extent sufficient to effect engagement of the shift'lever H with the yoke i2? of the reverse speed gear shift rod 81- Thereupon, the operating handle is shifted laterally into the dotted line position l of Figure 10. to open the valve [8' and so effect'shifting of the power cylinder to the left (Figure 6), thereby shifting with it the gear shift rod 88 to establish the desired reverse speed erating fluid pressure medium to the power cylndcr is interrupted by the valves i1 and i8 automatically as the power cylinder piston moves into final position as determined by the position into which the remote control lever is manually shifted. Thus. there is no holding pressure exerted by the power cylinder unit upon a given gear shift rod while the latter is stationary. the function of the power cylinder unit being solely to perform the work of shifting a selected gear shiftirod into and out of the desired established gear relation.

In order to enable the operator to "feel that he is in proper Position to establish any one of the desired speed gear relations. the coacting spring-pressed detents 88-88 and elongated depressions 88-88 have been provided in association with the lateral control plunger members 28' and 28' as shown most clearly in Figure 8. Normally. when the system is in'neutral. the relative arrangement of these coacting elements is as shown with the detents respectively disposed centrally within the depressions 88-88. However. when the operating lever 28' is shifted in position 0 (Figure 11). the plunger members 28' and 28' shift to the left and so cause the right hand extremities oi the depressions 88-68 to bear against the detents 88-88. Conversely. when the operating lever is shifted into position A, the plunger members 28' and f8 shift to the right and cause the left hand extremities of the depressions to reaches either of itsppositions A or'C, which must a be overcome before the lever may be shifted into that for both third and fourth speeds. the opeither of positions 8 or D. In order to shift the operating lever into either of the latter'positions. this initial resistance is overcome by the operator exerting the slightly greater effort which is required to cause the detents 88-88 to cam out of their respective retaining depressions 88-88 and acsaua 17 ride onto the cylindrical surfaces of the plunger members.

Due to the fact that the central plunger member 21' of the longitudinal shift control mech-' 21' likewise will be brought into centered or neutral position, in consequence of which the fluid columns in the vconduits 42 and 43 will be in'statically balanced condition. In this condition of the more compact arrangement of the apparatus which is directly associated with the gear transmission, while Flgures 16, 1'7 and 19 show a modifled construction of the remote control apparatus.

Obviously. inasmuch as the transmission-associated apparatus and the remote control apparatus are operatively connected only by fluid conduits. either of the structural arrangements shown in Figures 3 to 8 or in Figures 13-to 16 may be employed in association with the control mechanism of the form shown in Figures 9 to 12, and

conversely either of the two forms of control mechanism may be employed in association with the transmission-associated mechanism of Figures apparatus, the control valves l1 and I8 will both be closed against the passage of any high pressure fluid to either end of the power cylinder, both ends of the latter being then vented to the sump or crank case by way of the conduits i3 and 54.

Whenthe operating control lever 24' is shifted into neutral position from any of the gear selecting positions A, B, C or D (see Figure 11), the plunger members 25' and 26' will be brought into the centered or neutral position shown in Figure 8 through the balancing action of the fluid columns in the conduits 36 and 31 assisted by the balancing action of the opposed biasing springs 25* and 26.

In the event of failure of a fluid pressure sup ply to the power cylinder so that the latter-is incapable of operating automatically upon opening of the appropriate control valve to effect the desired shifting of the gears, such shifting may nevertheless be effected manually by one or the other of the fluid columns in the conduits 42 and 43 depending upon the direction of shift desired. Thus, should it be necessary to manually shift a given shift rod, say 63, to the right (see Figure '1), then the operating control lever 24' is operated exactly as for opening the valve ii to energize the fluid column in the conduit 42. By exerting a somewhat greater effort on the operating handle than would be required merely to actuate the plunger element 28' to open the valve, the fluid column acts on the proximate end of the plunger 21' to cause it to shift to the right and so move the gear shift rod 63 through the intervention of the interconnected gear shift lever il'.- Should it be desired to shift the same rod to the left (Figure 7 again), then the operating control lever 24' is operated as for opening the valve 18' with sufficient pressure exerted thereon to cause the fluid column in conduit 43 to shift the plunger 21' to the left.

It will be understood, of course, that the apparatus of the present invention is susceptible of various changes and modifications in design, construction and relative arrangement of parts without departing in any material respect from the real spirit or general principles of the invention. Examples of such changes and modifications are shown in Figures 13 to 19, inclusive, wherein, to avoid unnecessary repetition of description and at the same time facilitate comparison with parts heretofore described, all those parts in Figures 13 to 19 having structural characteristics and operating functions similar to those hereinbefore described are designated by the same reference numerals but with a double instead of single prime symbol.

Thus. Figures 13, 14 and 15 show a somewhat 13 to 16, which latter will now be described.

In this modified construction of the transmission-associated apparatus, it will be observed that the longitudinal shift'oontrol mechanism It" and the power cylinder unit I!" are arranged with their longitudinal axes spaced one above the other in a common vertical plane, while the lateral shift control mechanism III" is relatively so arranged that its axis of operation, which extends at right angles to said vertical plane, is in the same horizontal, plane as the axis of the power cylinder. This provides for a somewhat more direct, more positive and yet simpler operating connection between the power cylinder and the gear shift lever II" in that it avoids the laterally offset relation of power cylinder and longitudinal shift control mechanism of the previously described construction and so eliminates the necessity of employing the bell-crank lever arrangement of Figure 8. At the same time, it permits such relative arrangement of the power cylinderand the control valves therefor as to eliminate the necessity of the conduits 46 and 41 .(see Figure 1), the ports 83" and 84- in the valve casings being respectively in direct communication with the chambers 44" and 45 of the power cylinder.

As clearly appears in Figure 14, the power cylinder unit I9" is arranged just below the longitudinal shift control mechanism, and to provide for the necessary gear shifting connection between the plunger member 21" of the longitudinal shift control, the piston rod 93" of the power cylinder and the gear shift lever H the said piston rod 93" is provided intermediate its length with a rectangularly shaped yoke H5, The axially spaced side members 6-416 (Figure 14) of this yoke are internally finished to provide parallel guide surfaces i|'|l i'l, while the laterally spaced side members i I 8-1 i8 (Figure 15) of the yoke are finished on their lower edges to provide flat bottom guide surfaces lie-I l9.

The gear shift lever II" is secured, as at I 20,

. to the central plunger member 21" of the longitudinal shift control mechanism and projects downwardly therefrom through the yoke 5 for selective engagement of its free lower end with any one of the clevises of the gear shift rods 62, 63, 64 and 85. As is best shown in Figure 14, the gear shift lever II" is provided intermediate its length with a cylindrical bar element I20 which is so slidably disposed within the yoke H5 as to be axially shifted with the latter upon operation of the power cylinder in one direction or the other, at the same time that it is free to shift laterally of the power cylinder axis under the influence of the lateral shift control mechanism i0". To this end, the cylindrical bar element I20, which serves the same function as the bar 89 of the construction shown in Figure 7, is of a length to snugly fit between the finished internal guide surfaces ill-HI of the yoke so that movement of the site directions and extending between said lever shifting means and said plunger means and adapted upon shifting thereof in one selected direction to transmit a power thrust to said shifting means for moving said gear shift lever in correspondence with the movement of said plunger means, and means for resiliently detaining the gear shifting lever in an intermediate position located between neutral and either of the two opposite extreme positions which the said lever may assume. i

2. In apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever shiftable into engagement with any one of said rods-hydraulically operated shifting means operatively associated with the shift lever, remotely located plunger means for controlling the operation of said lever shifting means, a normally static fluidcolumn selectively shiftable in opposite directions and extending between said lever shifting means and said plunger means and adapted upon shifting thereof in one selected direction to transmit a power thrust to said shifting means for moving said gear shift lever in correspondence with the movement of said plunger means, and spring-pressed detent means operative to permit said gear shifting lever to be moved freely from neutral to an intermediate position "and to impose an overcomable resistance against continued movement of said lever beyond said intermediate position.

3. In apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a. plurality of gear shifting rods and a pivoted gear shift lever capable of being swung about its pivot for operative engagement with any one of said rods-hydraulically operated plunger means disposed in embracing relation with respect to said pivoted lever and operative upon actuation thereof to swing said lever in one direction or the other, means tending normally to maintain said plunger means centered whereby to retain said lever in neutral position, spring-pressed means coacting with said plunger means for imposing an overcomable resistance against movement of the lever beyond intermediate positions located to either side of its neutral position, and a pair of normally static fluid columns selectively actuatable to shift said plunger means undirectionally in one direction or the other through either of two stages of movement, each of said fluid columns being shiftable in opposite directions.

4. In apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a pivoted gear shift lever capable of being swung about its pivot for operative engagement with any one of said rod-s:--hydraulically operated plunger means disposed in embracing relation with respect to said pivoted lever and operative upon actuation thereof to swing said lever in one direction or the other, means tending normally to maintain said plunger means centered whereby to retain said lever in neutral position, spring-pressed means coacting with said plunger means for imposing an overcomable resistance against movement of the lever beyond intermediate positions located to either side of its neutral position, a pair of normally static fluid columns selectively actuatable to shift said plunger means unidirectionally in one direction or the other through 22 either of two stages of movement each of said fluid columns being bodily shiftable in opposite directions, and means on said lever for permitting movement thereof in a direction normal to its plane of swinging movement without disrupting the operative engagement of said plunger means with respect to said lever.

5. In apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a pivoted gear shift lever capable of being swung about its pivot for operative engagement with any one of said rods:--hydraulically operated plunger means disposed in embracing relation with respect to said pivoted lever and operative upon actuation thereof to swing said lever in one direction or the other, means tending normally to maintain said plunger means centered whereby to retain said lever in neutral position, spring-pressed means coacting with said plunger means for imposing an overcomable resistance against movement of the lever beyond intermediate positions located to either side of its neutral position, a pair of normally static fluid columns selectively actuatable to shift said plunger means unidirectlonally in one direction or the other through either of two stages of movement each of said fluid columns being bodily shiftable in opposite directions, and means on said lever for permitting movement thereof in a direction normal to its plane of swinging movement without disrupting the operative engagement of said plunger means with respect to said lever,

said last-mentioned means including a bar extending transversely of the lever and disposed with its axis extending normal to and substantially in 'the horizontal plane of the operating axis of said plunger means.

6. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever exerts its said shifting effort, the other is free of such effort, means responsive to movement thereof for angularly'shifting said lever about its pivot, and means for maintaining said shift lever in operative engagement with the selected shift rod under the thrust exerted by operative fluid column during the rod-shifting movement of the lever.

7. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable. for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rodzfluid pressure power means for shifting said lever, normally closed valves for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, and normally static fluid columns selectively actuatable by remote control for opening one or the other of said valves to render said power means operative to shift the preselected rod.

8. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operativeiy associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rod:- fluid-pressure-operated power means for shifting said shift lever, control means for said power means, a remotely, located operating mechanism for said control means, and a plurality of normally static fluid columns extending between said control means and operating mechanism and being selectively actuatable to operate the control means whereby the power means is automatically operated under fluid pressure to shift the selected rod.

9. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rod:--fluidpressure-operated power means for shifting said shift lever, control means for said power means, a remotely located operating mechanism for said control means, and a plurality of normally static fluid columns extending between said control means and operating mechanism and being selectively energizable to operate the control means whereby the power means is automatically operated under fluid pressure to shift the selected rod, said selectively energizable fluid columns being respectively in the form of confined hydraulic systems independent of each other and of the fluid pressure system for operation of the power means.

10. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operativeiy associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rod:fluid-pressure-operated power means for said shift lever, a longitudinal shift control mechanism for the power means including a pair of plunger-actuated valves and means normally maintaining said valves closed, and a pair of remotely energizable normally static fluid columns operative upon the valve actuating plungers to open one or the other thereof for automatic operation of the power means.

11. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rodfluid-pressureoperated power means for said shift lever, a longitudinal shift control mechanism for the power means including a pair of plunger-actuated valves and means normally maintaining said valves closed, and a pair of remotely energizable normally static fluid columns operative upon the valve actuating plungers to open one or the other thereof for automatic operation of the power means, said longitudinal shift control mechanism including also a double-action plunger centrally disposed between and in axial alinement with said valve-actuating plungers and connected to said shift lever for positioning the latter in neutral position when said fluid columns are in normally balanced condition.

12. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operativeiy associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rod-fluid-pressureoperated power means for said shift lever, a longitudinal shift control mechanism for the power mean-s including a pair of plunger-actuated valves and means normally maintaining said valves closed, and a pair of remotely energizable normally static fluid columns operative upon the valve actuating plungers to open one or the other thereof for automatic operation of the power means, said longitudinal shift control mechanism including also means direct-connected to said gear shift lever and subject to the power thrusts respectively transmitted by said fluid columns for positioning the shift lever in neutral position when said fluid columns are in balanced condition.

13. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operativeiy associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever movable in one direction for engaging and in another direction for shifting a selected one of said gear shifting rods--fluid-pressure-operated means for moving said lever in rod-shifting direction, a longitudinal shift control mechanism including a pair of hydraulically-operated control valves for the power means and an intervening hydraulically-actuated plunger element operativeiy associated with the gear shift lever for movement therewith under the influence of said power means, and a pair of normally static fluid columns selectively operative to open one or the other of said control valves for automatic operation of the power means, said intervening plunger being responsive to said fluid columns for positioning the shift lever and the power means in neutral position when said valves are closed.

14. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear tr smission of the type having operativeiy as-sociatee\therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a giik ift lever movable in one direction to select and in another direction to shift one of said rods-fluid-pressureoperated means for moving said lever in rodshifting direction, a longitudinal shift control mechanism including valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, a pair of normally static fluid columns bodily shiftable in opposite directions and operativeiy associated with said pressure fluid control means and arranged in normally balanced condition to maintain said valve means inoperative to permit the delivery of pressure fluid to said power means, and a remotely located operating mechanism for unbalancing said fluid columns whereby to render said valve means operative to effect energization of said power means.

15. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operativeiy associated therewith av plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever movable in one direction to select and in another direction to shift one of said rodsfluid-pressureoperated means for moving said lever in rodshifting direction, a longitudinal shift control mechanism including valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, a pair of normally static fluid columns bodily shiftable in opposite directions and operativeiy associated with said pressure fluid control means and arranged normally in statically balanced condition to maintain said valve means inoperative to permit the delivery of pressure fluid to said power means, a remotely located operating mechanism for unbalancing said fluid columns whereby to render said valve means operative to effect energization of said power means, andmeans in said longitudinal shift control mechanism for rendering said valve means inoperative to effect energization of said power means automatically upon movement of the latter into a desired final position.

. 16. In an apparatus for-shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a pinrality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever movable in one direction to select and in another direction to shift one of said rods--fluid-pressureoperated means for moving said lever in rodshifting direction, a longitudinal shift control mechanism including valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, a pair of normally static fluid columns bodily shiftable in opposite directions and operatively' associated with said pressurefluid control means and arranged normally in statically balanced condition to maintain said valve means inoperative to permit the delivery of pressure fluid to said power means, a remotely'located operating mechanism for unbalancing said fluid columns whereby to render said valve means operative to eflect energization' of said power means, and means in said longitudinal shift control mechanism operative to re-establish said statically balanced condition of the fluid columns automatically upon movement of the power means into either neutral position or any of its final gear establishing positions.

17. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift mechanism for selectively engaging and shifting of one of said rods:-a remotely located operating mechanism for said gear shift mechanism including a universally mounted operating handle, a plurality of pairs of fluid column. extending between said gear shift mechanism and said operating mechanism, each pair of said columns being normally in statically balanced condition, and means actuated by said operating handle to sequentially effect unbalancing of said pairs of fluid columns whereby to actuate said gear shift mechthe handle is moved in one of its planes of 19. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type havanism to first engage and then shift a selected gear shifting rod. I

18. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission-of the type having operatively associated therewith a. plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift mechanism operative to selectively engage and axially shift one of said rods:-a remotely located operating mechanism for said gear shift mechanism including an operating handle capable of moving in intersecting planes, a pair of fluid columns extending between said gear shift mechanism and said operating mechanism for eflecting actuation of said gear shift mechanism to engage the selected rod to be shifted, a second pair of fluid columns also extendingbetween said mechanisms for rendering the gear shift mechanism eflective to shift the selected rod, each pair of said fluid columns being'in statically balanced condition when the transmission is in neutral, and means operatively associated with said operating handle to unbalance one pair of said fluid columns when ing operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear slufting rods and a gear shift mechanism operative to selectively engage and axially shift one of said rods, and a remotely located operating mechanism for said gear shift mech anism including an operating handle capable of moving in intersecting planes:--a pair of fluid columns extending between said gear shift mechanism and said operating mechanism for effecting actuation of said gear shift mechanism to engage the selected rod to be shifted, a second pair of fluid columns also extending between said mechanisms for rendering the gear shift mechanism effective to shift the selected rod, each pair of said fluid columns being in statically balanced.

20. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift mechanism operative to selectively engage and axially shift one of said rods, and a remotely located operating mechanism for said gear shift mechanism including an operating handle capable of moving in intersecting planes:-a pair of fluid columns extending between said gear shift mechanism and said operating mechanism for effecting actuation ofsaid gear shift mechanism to engage the selected rod to be shifted, a second pair of fluid columns also extending between said mechanisms for rendering the gear shift mechanism effective to shift the selected rod, each pair of said fluid columns being in statically balanced condition when the transmission is in neutral, and means operatively associated with said operating handle to unbalance one pair of said fluid conduits when the handle is moved in one of its planes of movement and to unbalance the other pair of said fluid columns when the handle ismoved in the other plane, saidlast-mentioned means being operative to transmit the resultant thrust of each unbalanced pair of fluid columns in either of two opposite directions and for a distance corresponding with the direction and extent of movement of the handle.

21. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gearshifting rods and a gear shift lever'movable angularly to engage and shiftable bodily to axially shift one of said rods, a lateral shift control mechanism and a longitudinal shift control mechanism each operati'velyassociated with the gear shift lever, and a fluid-pressure-oper ated power cylinder also operatively associated with the gear shift being connected to a source of high pressure fluid and said longitudinal shift control mechanism lever. said power cylinder including valve means normally interrupting the supply of said fluid to said power cylinder:- statically balanced fluid columns operative upon opposite sides of each said lateral and longitudinal shift control mechanisms for maintaining the same in centered or neutral position with the said valve means closed, and remotely located control means operative to sequentially unbalance said statically balanced fluid columns to create resultant thrusts for actuating said lateral and. longitudinal shift control mechanisms whereby the former operates to efiect engagement of the shift lever with a selected gear shifting rod and the latter operates to open said valve means for supplying the high pressure operating fluid to the power cylinder.

22. In an apparatus of the character defined in claim 21 wherein said last-mentioned means is operative to change the direction of each of the resultant thrusts created by the unbalancing of said fluid columns.

23. In an apparatus of the character defined in claim 21 wherein said last-mentioned means isoperative to change the direction and extent of the resultant thrust created for actuating said lateral shift control mechanism.

24. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever movable in one direction to select and in another direction to shift one of said rodsz-fluid-pressure-operated means for moving said lever in rod-shifting direction, a longitudinal shift control mechanism including valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, a pair of normally static fluid columns operatively associated with said pressure fluid control means and arranged normally in statically balanced condition to maintain said valve means inoperative to permit the delivery of pressure fluid to said power means, a remotely located operating mechanism for unbalancing said fluid columns whereby to render said valve means operative to effect energization of said power means, and means in said longitudinal shift control mechanism operative to re-establish said statically balanced condition of the fluid columns automatically upon movement of the power means into either neutral position or any of its flnal gear establishing positions, said last-mentioned means including a longitudinally shiftable plunger operative, when subjected to the thrust of the unbalanced fluid columns, to eifect shifting of the selected gear shifting rod in the event of interruption of pressure fluid to the power means.

25. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods:fluld-pressure-operated power means for shifting a selected one of said gear shifting rods, a longitudinal shift control mechanism operatively associated with said power means and including valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, a remotely located operating lever for said shift control mechanism, a pair of fluid columns normally in static balance extending between said shift control mechanism and said operating lever and operative to exert a thrust. in either of two directions to render said valve means operative to effect energlzation of the power means upon movement of the control lever, and means in said longitudinal shift control mechanism for insurmg such correspondence in movement of the control lever and the power means that the final position of the former determines the final position of the latter.

26. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear, transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods:fluid-pressure-operated power means for shifting a selected one of said gear shifting rods, a longitudinal shift control mechanism operatively associated with said power means and including valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, a remotely located operating lever for said shift control mechanism, a pair of fluid columns normally in static balance extending between said shift control mechanism and said operating lever and operative to exert a thrust in either of two directions to render said valve means operative to effect energization of the power means upon movement of the control lever, and means in said longitudinal shift control mechanism for effecting corresponding movement between the control lever and the power means and for interrupting the supply of fluid pressure to the power means automatically as the latter assures a flnal position as determined by the position of the control lever.

27. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rod:--fluid pressure power means for shifting said lever, normally closed valves for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to said power means, and normally static fluid columns selectively energizabie by remote control for opening one or the other of said valves to render said power means operative to shift the selected rod, and means for expending the valve-actuating force of the selected fluid column automatically as said power means is shifted into a final position.

28. In an apparatus for shifting the gears of a change-speed gear transmission of the type having operatively associated therewith a plurality of gear shifting rods and a gear shift lever angularly movable for engagement with a selected one of said gear shifting rods and bodily shiftable to axially shift the selected rodz-fluid-pressure-operated power means for shifting said shift lever, control means for said power means, a remotely located operating mechanism for said control means, and a plurality of normally static fluid columns extending between said control means and operating mechanism and being selectively energizabie to operate the control means whereby the power means is automatically operated under fluid pressure to shift the selected rod, said control means being operative by said remotely located operating mechanism for expending the valve-actuating force of the selected fluid column and so interrupting the supply of pressure fluid to the power means automatically as said power means is shifted into the desired final position determined by said remotely located operating mechanism.

BENJAMIN B. BACHMAN. CHARLES E. FOGG.

(References on following page) 

